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Compliance vs Certification

Also known as: CMMC compliance vs certification

Compliance with NIST SP 800-171 is the underlying obligation under DFARS 252.204-7012. CMMC certification is the verification mechanism.

These two terms get used interchangeably, but they mean different things in the CMMC context.

**Compliance with NIST SP 800-171** is the underlying obligation: any defense contractor handling CUI is required by DFARS 252.204-7012 to implement the 110 NIST SP 800-171 Rev 2 security requirements.

**CMMC certification** is the verification mechanism: it confirms (through self-assessment, C3PAO assessment, or DIBCAC assessment) that the contractor actually meets the NIST SP 800-171 requirements they have been claiming to meet.

A contractor can be 'compliant' without being 'certified' — that's the gap CMMC closes.

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